Common dental drug interactions an increasing number of episodes of adverse drug reactions are linked to drug interactions. This summary is based on the article published in the dental clinics of north america. The use of oxidised cellulose surgicel or collagen sponges. Recreational gabapentin abuse with or without a prescription needs to be on the radar of dental professionals due to its potential for producing not only additive adverse effects, but also serious drug drug interactions with medications we commonly use during dental procedures, such as for conscioussedation or the treatment of postoperative. A careful drug history should be taken from each patient and updated on a regular basis. Antibiotic use in dental practice med oral patol oral cir bucal 2007. Pharmacodynamic interactions refer to the rela tionship between drug concentration at the site of action and the resulting effect on the body. Dental drug interacting drug common examples interaction recommendation opioids for pain control codeine, morphine, hydrocodone, oxycodone, fentanyl, meperidine nsaids ibuprophen, naproxen, ketorolac toradol, celecoxib celebrex agonistantagonist drugs nalbuphine nubain buprenorphine suboxone pentazocine fortral can lead to. Drugs az pill identifier supplements symptom checker diseases dictionary media slideshows images quizzes.
Drug prescribing for dentistry iii drug prescribing for dentistry 1 introduction 1 1. When drugs are taken with meals, numerous opportunities exist for food drug interactions to occur. Drug reference and eprescribing for dentists clinical. Clinical considerations for drug interactions decisions. They also can be used to reduce pain from superficial sores in the mouth or to numb an area before an injectable local anesthetic is given commonly used topical anesthetics include anbesol and orajel. Cardiovascular drugs diagnostic agent for cancer detection gout preparations hormonal contraceptives nitrates vitamin k substance vitamins others please refer to the contents page for more summary tables. Drug interactions in dentistry iyad abou rabii dds, omfs, mres, phd 2. Drug interactions antibiotics combined oral contraceptives. Pharmacokinetic interactions pharmacokinetic drug interactions can be further classified according to whether they affect the absorption, distribution, metabolism, or elimination of other drugs.
The effect of inappropriate drug combinations may lead to drug interactions or inaccurate. Food in the stomach can increase or decrease drug absorption. In dental practice, drug interactions are not as voluminous as they are in medical practice. This course is designed to prepare you to successfully complete the. This article, focusing on antibiotics, is the sec ond in a fivepart series discussing the clinical significance of reported drug interactions as they relate to dentistry. Checklist for antibiotic prescribing in dentistry pretreatment.
An increasing number of episodes of adverse drug reactions are linked to drug interactions. Use webmd s drug interaction checker tool to find and identify potentially harmful and unsafe combinations of prescription medications by entering two or more drugs in question. Drug interactions relevant to dentistry can for the most part be prevented. This resource is for dental professionals seeking information on commonly prescribed medications and supplemental products. Drug interactions are common causes of treatment failure and adverse reactions. Drug interaction is a negative representation of pharmacotherapy. Topical anesthetics come in ointments, sprays or liquids. Mims summary table g6pd deficiency ver01032006 nomenclature based on inn international nonproprietary name refer to. They also participate in more drug interactions than do any other dental drugs. Drug prescribing for dentistry dental clinical guidance sdcep. Are you sure you want to clear the interaction checker. Drug interactions with other drugs, as well as food, vitamins. Gk, pharmakon, drug, dynamis, power the study of how a drug acts on a living organism, including the pharmacologic response and the duration and magnitude of response observed relative to the concentration of the drug at an active site in the.
Appendix b common dental drug interactions wiley online library. The pharmacological agents aid in rapid healing and repair of the damaged tissues, relieve patients of pain and bring back the tissues to the healthy state. Mechanisms of relevant drug interactions are also discussed. Knowledge of these interac tions, and of any medications the patient may be taking, is es sential for the delivery of opti mal patient care. Drug absorption interactions more familiar to dental practitioners include the ability of systemic tetra cycline and quinolone i. Drug prescribing for dentistry dental clinical guidance. To facilitate easy access to information that is most relevant to drug prescribing for dentistry, the scottish dental clinical effectiveness programme sdcep. Assess patients medical history and conditions, pregnancy status, drug allergies, and potential for drug drug interactions and adverse events, any of which may impact antibiotic selection. Drug interactions can be caused by enzyme induction, inhibition, or competition if an enzyme is induced by a drug, metabolism occurs faster e. Drug prescribing for dentistry has been developed by a small group of professionals with particular interest and experience in dental prescribing, assisted by our programme development team. They then established a significance rating of alleged adverse drug interactions pertaining to dentistry, based. The provision of safe care requires dental teams to carefully assess the possibility of adverse drug interactions.
Is a situation in which a substance usually another drug affects the activity of a drug when both are administered together. Pharmacology of dentistry toronto academy of dentistry. The potential outcome of a drug interaction can vary and could be synergistic. Drug interactions in dentistry the journal of the american dental.
Ensuring that patients medical histories are up to date and acquiring knowledge of the various substrates, inducers and inhibitors of the cyp450 system will help practitioners avoid potentially serious adverse drug interactions. An increasing number of our patients are on medication of various types. This is based on the fact that most drug therapy is short. Drug interactions in general dental practice nature. There are many potential interactions between these two drug categories the most common situation being an nsaidmediated reduction of antibiotic bioavailability and thus effect 8,9, though some combinations of. Review of top 10 prescribed drugs and their interaction with dental treatment april 2016 robert j. Sedative drugs bisphosphonates herbal supplements drug interactions overview. Since the publication of the first edition of drug drug interactions in 2002, our knowledge of the various human drug metabolizing enzyme systems and drug transporters has continued to grow at a rapid pace. This drug drug interaction may cause you to experience an unexpected side effect. All the dental team members of the clinic should be well trained to recognize and handle medical emergencies in the dental of.
Drugs in dental hygiene practice examination ddhpe and provides you with the information needed to recommend. In order to provide the best patient care possible, a thorough knowledge of how the drug interactions occur is needed for proper. Most drug interactions are detected during clinical experience and published either as single case reports or as a case series where proof of causality is rarely available. Three serious drug interactions that every dentist should. Topical anesthetics are used to prevent pain on the surface level of the lining of the mouth. The industryleading print reference, the drug information handbook for dentistry, is derived from this dental lexi drugs database. Drug drug interactions 2nd edition pdf free download ebook description this is the 19th yearly edition of top 100 drug interactions, with more than 300,000 copies in print since the first edition was published in 2000.
The hepatic and intestinal cytochrome, or cy, p450 enzyme system is responsible for the biotransformation of a multitude of drugs. Most drug interactions remain unrecognized because of a wide margin of safety therapeutic index compared to inter and intrapatient variability seen in practice. Epidemiologic and clinical perspectives janet h southerland, dds, mph, phd professor, department of oral and maxillofacial surgery. Certain medications used in dentistry can act as substrates, inducers or inhibitors of this system. Food drug interaction an overview sciencedirect topics. Most common drug interactions encountered in hiv infection involve those that affect absorption or metabolism. A guide for pharmacy, podiatry, optometry, and dentistry, shows how practitioners in the. Identify these serious imatinib oral gleevec oral drug interactions with the rxlist drug interaction checker tool. Pilocarpine, marketed as salagan, may be prescribed by your dentist if you have been diagnosed with dry mouth. This increase in prescribed medicines also raises the significant issue of potential drug interactions between those drugs used in dental practice and those taken by the patient. An app, dental prescribing was released in 2012 and is regularly updated in line with changes to the print editions of the bnf. As polypharmacy continues to increase, the likelihood of adverse drug interactions in dentistry will increase as well. Use their alphaagonist interaction with adrenoceptors shortlasting drugs by themselves vasoconstrictors. Rapid progress in dental pharmacotherapeutics requires that clinicians constantly update their knowledge of new drugs, drug interactions and useful therapeutic trends.
Phenobarbital if inhibition occurs the drug is not metabolized as fast increased blood levels two or more drugs competing for the same enzyme will lead to variations in blood levels cyp 1a2 substrate caffeine. Common dental drug interactions wiley online library. Moore according to the united states food and drug administration web site, there are more than 15,000 currently approved prescription and overthecoun. Discuss the incidence of polypharmacy in the united states and its potential impact on adverse drug interactions and clinical care. Ensuring that patients medical histories are up to date and acquiring knowledge of the various substrates, inducers and inhibitors of the cyp450 system will help practitioners avoid potentially serious. Basics of management of medical emergencies in dental of. Adverse drug interactions in dental practice the endoexperience. Some drug interactions are beneficial, for example, when the clinician administers synergistic combination of drugs to enhance the therapeutic response of the drugs.
Assessing the risk of drug interactions dimensions of. Review of top 10 prescribed drugs and their interaction. Your patients safety is enhanced when youre backed by lexicomp online for dentistry, with dental specific pharmacology information on over 8,000 prescription drugs, otcs and natural products, plus tools like a stateoftheart lesion diagnosis aid and an unsurpassed drug interactions drug. Certain categories of drugs are more likely to be involved in interactions and again these are highlighted. Lexicomp online for dentistry clinical drug information. Use webmds drug interaction checker tool to find and identify potentially harmful and unsafe combinations of prescription medications by entering two or more drugs in question.
1382 451 518 427 1194 622 19 982 1281 852 1356 906 1318 628 454 384 1387 176 1517 1093 241 340 216 565 527 1453 1379 532 938 897 347 1550 1315 451 870 769 1024 631 714 458 665